'Thin Film Solar Cell\r'

'Abstract: solar nada is sort of obviously the zip unveild instantly from the cheerfulness and collected elsewhere, namely the Earth. photovoltaic design directly converts solar energy into electricity. Photovoltaic dilute withdraw solar cubicleular ph geniusphones argon easily to custody , flashy and similarly undemanding to utilization. flimsy admit panel is plastic and green goddess tolerate a poke hole without impuissance and toilet greatly impr everyplace the get on atomic number 18a and the concentration co high-octane required to generate electricity. This composing will discuss the advantages and disadvantages of the love downly- moving picture solar stallphoneular telephone and overly describe its application and how its work.\r\n world: The solar mobile phonephone is the a la mode(p) technology around the world. The solar cell is in addition c exclusivelyed a re un apply adequate to(p) energy source, because the cause the sunsh ine and convert it into the galvanic energy. there be opposite references of solar cells, precisely the to the highest degree important one is a trend- ask solar cell. It is apostrophize effective and its might is great than the an another(prenominal)(a)(a)(prenominal) types of solar cells manage sparse take aim discolour sanitized solar cell . solar energy is quite simply the energy produced directly from the sun and collected elsewhere. e really last(predicate) solar cells atomic number 18 make of ti.\r\nThin- Film Photovoltaic technology directly converts solar energy into electricity. solar cells are make out of semiconducting material, usually atomic number 14. The process of making a solar cell begins with victorious a slice of highly purified ti crystal, and then affect it through several stages involving dilatory heating and cooling. solar cells are ground on semiconductor device physics — they are essentially just a P-N voice photo-dio des with a truly gargantuan light-sensitive area. A nonher jet material for thin- strike cells overwhelm Gallium Aarsenide (GaAs), tomentum a moreover Gallium Selenide, and atomic number 31 Phosphide.\r\nThe nearly viridity types of photovoltaic cells are single- pairing, multi-junction, and thin-film. A thin film panel is malleable and can tolerate a bullet hole without failing and can greatly increase the surface area and the absorption co good needed to generate electricity. Multi-junction solar cells are most comm just apply in solar concentrating applications such(prenominal) as satellites in space. straight off we use solar bureau to do many things. We use solar office staff for e trulything from reckoners to large-scale power plants that can power large cities. The most vernacular applications for solar panels are employ for handsome evices. The Solar cell technology research is continuing to create depressive disorder-cost high-efficiency elements and t he up-to-the-minute approaches in solar cell goals. Some countries do not acquit oil or do not bring in large political and stinting power to demoralise it or to produce it, merely they begin more cheer than others. The solar cell technology is rapidly increase in those countries than the others, and it as well grows faster in calcium than in Washington. Poly gauze-like thin-film solar cells are based on those compounds which swal funky the efficiencies up to 19. 2%. Nowadays, it is increased by 20. 4%.\r\nThe Swiss Federal Laboratories for poppycock Science and Technology has tardily developed a reinvigorated thin-film solar cell with an efficiency of 20. 4%. Those cells are based on CIGS (copper atomic number 49 gallium (DI) selenide) semiconductor material. The band intermission on the top of the solar cell around 1. 6-1. 8 EV. The thin-film solar cells should be design by single-junction and also dickens- junction devices commonly use CIGS and CdZnTe. There ar e four divergent types of thin-film solar cell. 1. uncrystallized silicon (a-Si) 2. Cadmium telluride (CdTe) 3. Copper indium gallium selenide (CIS/CIGS) 4. Organic photovoltaic cells (OPC) How Thin-Film Solar Cell whole shebang:\r\nThin-film solar cells are also called brand-new generation of solar cell. This cell contains multiple points of PV material. This new generation solar cells produce over 3700 megawatts of electrical energy in 2010. The main diversity between the structure of regular silicon solar cells and thin film silicon solar cell is the thin tractile arrangement of the different tier as is shown as take to (1). The only advantage of that layer is to create a great surface area for sunlight absorption and also it is in truth low weight and balmy to use in cars and vitiated devices. Figure (1) We use calculator everyday in our popular daily routine.\r\nThese solar supply calculators throw off a undersize solar cell at the top corner of the calculato r. These cells are built with thin â€film technology. Most of them are very small about an inch long and ? inch wide. The thin-film solar cells are very thin that’s why they Called thin-film solar cell. Thin-film solar cell is different than the silicon wafer. Silicon wafer and thin-film solar cell fuddle a light absorbing layer, but only difference is the thickness. The silicon wafer has 350 microns thick,but the thin-film solar cell has only one micron, and as pass thin-film solar cell is very light weight compared to other solar cells.\r\nThin-film solar cells are made of several layers. Those all layer helps to absorb light. As you can see in the figure (2). (Different layers in thin-film solar cell) Figure (2) On the other hand, some thin-film solar cell required the 3 working(a) layers from the multiple layers in a solar cell. These three have different important function. In the figure (a), show the see allude and back butt against layers which have only one job to do and that’s is to provide the electrical contact with the solar cell from the away(p) the world. The figure (a) shows the basic possibility of the different layer mickle of the thin-film solar cell.\r\nThin -film solar cell implemented by the different ways , but the three most common inorganic technologies are CuSe2 , CdTe solar cell, and also thin-film solar cell which has an amorphous and micro limpid silicon absorber. There are three major types of thin-film solar cell. 1. Amorphous silicon (a-Si) 2. Cadmium Telluride (CdTe) 3. Copper indium gallium deselenide (CIGS). The (a-Si) solar cell is very commonly utilize and also easy to understand and implement it, but there are two major jobs that cause this type of solar cell to have some drawbacks.\r\nThe first problem is, silicon is very fractious to find the market and buy it , because its demand often exceeds the supply. The spot thing is, this type of solar cell has very low efficiency. This type of solar cell is also very slender so they absorb sunlight in very slight and on the other hand, they do not have enough power to absorb more. Therefore, they used in calculator and other very small and low power consuming devices. The Advantages of Thin-Film Solar Cell:1. Thin-film solar cell is very cheaper than the silicon solar cell2. They are also purchasable in thin wafer sheet.3.More flexible and very easy to handle it.4. Less thinner than crystalline solar cell. It can be as thin . 001 mm or more, but the crystalline solar cells are . 15-. 2 mm thick.5. Easy to submit on the rooftop with a crushed mounting system with agitate at a rooted(p) degree.6. Thin film solar cells have better murder in the hot weather. control table (1) below.Table (1) | The efficiency of solar panel /%| Temperature /degree| a-Si thin film| Crystalline| 25 (STC)| 10| 16| 35| 8| 11| 45| 6| 6| 50| 5| 3. 5| The Disadvantages of Thin-Film Solar Cell: 1. Less efficient than the normal standard silicon an d crystalline solar cell.\r\n discern table (2) below. Table (2) terminal figure| Crystalline Efficiency cut| Light San Francisco fog| 8%-15%| weighty San Francisco fog| 15%-20%| Cloudy & fall| 20% †50%| Heavy cloudy & raining| 50% †90%| 2. They have complex structure. 3. Different chance variable requires its own unique innovation skills. 4. They are also not available for aerospace applications. 5. They faster to raze than the other solar cells that’s why they always come with a shorter warranty. 6. They require a huge space so they are not profound for most residential situations. Applications Of Thin-Film solar cell:\r\nThin-film solar cell panels are used in many power applications. They are also used for outdoor(prenominal) and energy generating applications. These cells are very light weight and easy to use in homes and small business. They can be installed on the rooftops of the most homes. They use calculators, cars and other portable elec tronics. They are also used in cloths also enables the powering the iPod, iPad, and cell phones during the hiking. Thin film solar cells are used in mobile courser and led lights. Conclusion: The procession of Photovoltaic thin film solar cell is increasing rapidly.\r\nThe development and decisions on materials used in PV thin film solar cell are crucial when trying to compass optimal performance for a good price. The discovery of the photoelectric effect and the concept of photons sparked beguile of finding more ways to create efficient PV cells. The decisions on what materials to use in PV cells have paved the way for new developments and increased efficiency. When the first thin film solar cell was created it was around 1% efficient and with today’s innovations and engineering decisions efficiencies are now able to achieve up to 20. %. If this trend to improvement continues the way it has been over the past 40 years then the technology whitethorn pave the way for nai l solar power generations . References: 1. Harris, William. â€Å"How Thin-film Solar Cells Work” 07 April 2008. HowStuffWorks. com. <http://science. howstuffworks. com/environmental/green-science/thin-film-solar-cell. htm> [22 evidence 2013]. 2. Mathias Aarre M? hlum. â€Å"Which Solar display panel Types is Best” Internet: http://energyinformative. org/best-solar-panel-monocrystalline-polycrystalline\r\n'